RESUMO
Myosin-Va is a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-regulated unconventional myosin involved in the transport of vesicles, membranous organelles, and macromolecular complexes composed of proteins and mRNA. The cellular localization of myosin-Va has been described in great detail in several vertebrate cell types, including neurons, melanocytes, lymphocytes, auditory tissues, and a number of cultured cells. Here, we provide an immunohistochemical view of the tissue distribution of myosin-Va in the major endocrine organs. Myosin-Va is highly expressed in the pineal and pituitary glands and in specific cell populations of other endocrine glands, especially the parafollicular cells of the thyroid, the principal cells of the parathyroid, the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, and a subpopulation of interstitial testicular cells. Weak to moderate staining has been detected in steroidogenic cells of the adrenal cortex, ovary, and Leydig cells. Myosin-Va has also been localized to non-endocrine cells, such as the germ cells of the seminiferous epithelium and maturing oocytes and in the intercalated ducts of the exocrine pancreas. These data provide the first systematic description of myosin-Va localization in the major endocrine organs of rat.
Assuntos
Glândulas Endócrinas , Cadeias Pesadas de Miosina/metabolismo , Miosina Tipo V/metabolismo , Glândulas Suprarrenais/citologia , Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Animais , Glândulas Endócrinas/citologia , Glândulas Endócrinas/metabolismo , Immunoblotting , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/citologia , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Glândulas Paratireoides/citologia , Glândulas Paratireoides/metabolismo , Glândula Pineal/citologia , Glândula Pineal/metabolismo , Hipófise/citologia , Hipófise/metabolismo , Ratos , Glândula Tireoide/citologia , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
ATPases, an important target of insecticides, are enzymes that hydrolyze ATP and use the energy released in that process to accomplish some type of cellular work. Pachymerus nucleorum (Fabricius) larvae possess an ATPase, that presents high Ca-ATPase activity, but no Mg-ATPase activity. In the present study, the effect of zinc and copper ions in the activity Ca-ATPase of that enzyme was tested. More than 90% of the Ca-ATPase activity was inhibited in 0.5 mM of copper ions or 0.25 mM of zinc ions. In the presence of EDTA, but not in the absence, the inhibition by zinc was reverted with the increase of calcium concentration. The inhibition by copper ions was not reverted in the presence or absence of EDTA. The Ca-ATPase was not inhibited by treatment of the ATPase fraction with copper, suggesting that the copper ion does not bind directly to the enzyme. The results suggest that zinc and copper ions form a complex with ATP and bind to the enzyme inhibiting its Ca-ATPase activity.
Assuntos
ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio/efeitos dos fármacos , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio/metabolismo , Besouros/enzimologia , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cobre/farmacologia , Zinco/farmacologia , Animais , Cátions Bivalentes/farmacologia , Larva/enzimologiaRESUMO
As ATPases, um importante alvo de inseticidas, são enzimas que hidrolisam o ATP e utilizam a energia liberada no processo para realizar algum tipo de trabalho celular. A larva de Pachymerus nucleorum (Fabricius) possui uma ATPase que apresenta alta atividade Ca-ATPásica, mas não expressa atividade Mg-ATPásica. Nesse trabalho, foi testado o efeito de íons zinco e cobre na atividade Ca-ATPásica dessa enzima. Mais de 90 por cento da atividade Ca-ATPásica foi inibida em 0,5 mM de íons cobre ou 0,25 mM de íons zinco. Na presença de EDTA, mas não na sua ausência, a inibição por zinco foi revertida pelo aumento da concentração de cálcio. A inibição por íons cobre, não foi revertida nem na presença e nem na ausência de EDTA. O tratamento da fração ATPase com cobre, previamente ao ensaio de atividade ATPásica, não inibiu a atividade Ca-ATPásica sugerindo que o íon cobre não liga diretamente a enzima. Os resultados sugerem que íons zinco e cobre formam complexo com o ATP e se ligam à enzima inibindo sua atividade Ca-ATPásica.
ATPases, an important target of insecticides, are enzymes that hydrolyze ATP and use the energy released in that process to accomplish some type of cellular work. Pachymerus nucleorum (Fabricius) larvae possess an ATPase, that presents high Ca-ATPase activity, but no Mg-ATPase activity. In the present study, the effect of zinc and copper ions in the activity Ca-ATPase of that enzyme was tested. More than 90 percent of the Ca-ATPase activity was inhibited in 0.5 mM of copper ions or 0.25 mM of zinc ions. In the presence of EDTA, but not in the absence, the inhibition by zinc was reverted with the increase of calcium concentration. The inhibition by copper ions was not reverted in the presence or absence of EDTA. The Ca-ATPase was not inhibited by treatment of the ATPase fraction with copper, suggesting that the copper ion does not bind directly to the enzyme. The results suggest that zinc and copper ions form a complex with ATP and bind to the enzyme inhibiting its Ca-ATPase activity.
